Brazil's fuel source

Brazil is the world's second largest producer of ethanol fuel and the world's largest exporter. Together, Brazil and the United States lead the industrial production of ethanol fuel, accounting together for 89% of the world's production in 2009. In 2009 Brazil produced 24.9 billion litres (6.57 billion U.S. liquid gallons), representing 37.7% of the world's total ethanol used as fuel.

Brazil is considered to have the world's first sustainable biofuels economy and the biofuel industry leader, a policy model for other countries; and its sugarcane ethanol "the most successful alternative fuel to date." However, some authors consider that the successful Brazilian ethanol model is sustainable only in Brazil due to its advanced agri-industrial technology and its enormous amount of arable land available; while for other authors it is a solution only for some countries in the tropical zone of Latin America, the Caribbean, and Africa.

The benifits to this source fuel is that Ethanol produced from sugarcane provides energy that is renewable and less carbon intensive than oil. Bioethanol reduces air pollution thanks to its cleaner emissions, and also contributes to mitigate global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The energy balance, the total amount of energy input into the process compared to the energy released by burning the resulting ethanol fuel. This balance considers the full cycle of producing the fuel, as cultivation, transportation and production require energy, including the use of oil and fertilizers. This type of fuel should be better and will give more and long lasting fuel.

The issues to this source of fuel is Ethanol production has also raised concerns regarding water overuse and pollution, soil erosion and possible contamination by excessive use of fertilizers. Disease and pest control is a crucial element in all cane production. The study found that development of resistant sugar cane varieties is a crucial aspect of disease and pest control and is one of the primary objectives of Brazil’s cane genetic improvement programs. Disease control is one of the main reasons for the replacement of a commercial variety of sugar cane. Advancements in fertilizers and natural pesticides have all but eliminated the need to burn fields. Sugarcane fields are traditionally burned just before harvest to avoid harm to the workers, by removing the sharp leaves and killing snakes and other harmful animals, and also to fertilize the fields with ash. There has been less burning due to pressure from the public and health authorities, and as a result of the recent development of effective harvesting machines. In the mid 90s, it was very common to experience quite dense ash's rains in cities within the sugarcane's fields during harvest seasons. These are all ways that this source of fuel is not efficient because it causes air polution, burns fields, and causes disease.

This use of fuel can be a good way to get more of and to use longer but it can also cause many damages to fields and to the people living there. I dont think this source will last long with brazil beacuse it causes many problems to the cities that are using this source of fuel.

Korean Demilitarized Zone

The Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), a symbol of ideological dispute between North and South Korea, winds 155 miles across the Korean Peninsula. Stretching from from the Han River to the East Coast, it ranges 2 km north and south of the Military Demarcation Line, covering a vast region of 64 million sq. ft. Devoid of people, rare plants and animals exist in an unnatural nature preserve. Peace and tension coexist on a daily basis.
The 38th parallel north—which cuts the Korean Peninsula roughly in half—was the original boundary between the US-occupied and Soviet-occupied areas of Korea at the end of World War II. Upon the creation of the Democratic People's North Korea and the South Korea in 1948, it became a international border and one of the most tense fronts in the Cold War.

Both the North and the South remained heavily dependent on their sponsor states from 1948 to the outbreak of the Korean War. The conflict, which claimed over three million lives and divided the Korean Peninsula along ideological lines, commenced on June 25, 1950, with a Soviet-sponsored invasion across the 38th parallel, and ended in 1953 after international intervention pushed the front of the war back to near the 38th parallel. In the ceasefire of July 27, 1953, the DMZ was created as each side agreed in the armistice to move their troops back 2,000 m from the front line, creating a buffer zone 4 km wide. The Military Demarcation Line (MDL) goes down the center of the DMZ and indicates exactly where the front was when the agreement was signed. Since the armistice agreement was never followed by a peace treaty, the two Koreas are still technically at war.
Since November 15, 1974, the South has discovered four tunnels crossing the DMZ dug by North Korea. This is indicated by the orientation of the blasting lines within each tunnel. Upon their discovery, North Korea claimed that the tunnels were for coal mining; however, no coal has been found in the tunnels, which are dug through granite, but some of the tunnel walls have been painted black to give the appearance of anthracite.

The tunnels are believed to have been planned as a military invasion route by North Korea. Each shaft is large enough to permit the passage of an entire infantry division in one hour, though the tunnels are not wide enough for tanks or vehicles. All the tunnels run in a north-south direction and do not have branches. Engineering within the tunnels, following each discovery, has become progressively more advanced. For example, the third tunnel sloped slightly upwards as it progressed southward, to prevent water stagnation. Today, overseas visitors may visit the third tunnel during guided tours of the area.

Owing to this theoretical stalemate, and genuine hostility between the North and the South, large numbers of troops are still stationed along both sides of the line, each side guarding against potential aggression from the other side. The armistice agreement explains exactly how many military personnel and what kind of weapons are allowed in the DMZ. Soldiers from both sides may patrol inside the DMZ, but they may not cross the MDL. Sporadic outbreaks of violence due to North Korean hostilities killed over 500 South Korean soldiers and 50 U.S. soldiers along the DMZ between 1953 and 1999.
In recent years, the two Koreas have attempted to reconnect people as well. When it was built, the DMZ separated families as well as armies; the mines and barbed wire blocked travel and harsh restrictions were placed on communications between North and South. The two Koreas agreed in June 2000 to allow limited reunions of some of the region's estimated 1.2 million family members separated by the border. The first of those reunions came two months later, with 100 people from each side flying to meet family members in the opposing Korea's capital.

Japan during World War II

World War II was a global military conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945 which involved most of the world's nations, including all great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, with more than 100 million military personnel mobilized. In a state of total war, the major participants placed their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities at the service of the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by significant action against civilians, including the Holocaust and the only use of nuclear weapons in warfare, it was the deadliest conflict in human history, with over seventy million casualties. Japan lacked many of the natural resources needed to feed its industries. Instead of expanding trade, the Japanese expanded their empire. The Japanese seized Manchuria in 1931, and began a war against China in 1937. President Roosevelt and Secretary of State Cordell Hull shut off American trade in an effort to force the Japanese to end their hostilities against China. This made the Japanese even more aggressive. They had long coveted the resource-rich British and Dutch colonies of Southeast Asia, and as the U.S. trade embargo tightened, the Japanese increasingly looked southward for raw materials and strategic resources. Japan was struggling a lot during this time and the people had many things to deal with. The people of Japan did not live very well. Police would go in their home to get gold, sliver, and metal to make bullets. They would also rob them and steal their stuff if you were not home. A lot of Japanese people were killed and many of them had to suffered during the war. One of the biggest wars of all time was Pearl Harbor. In December 1941, Japan attacked the Allied powers at Pearl Harbor and several other points throughout the Pacific. Japan was able to expand their control over a large territory that expanded to the border of India in the West and New Guinea in the South within the following six months. The atomic bomb was also used during this time in the city of Hiroshima and it was used against civil population in history. Three days later, the United States dropped a second atomic bomb over the city of Nagasaki. In total, about a quarter of a million people were killed by the two bombs. Hirohito was the leader of Japan or also known as Emperor Shōwa. During World War II, ostensibly under Emperor Shōwa's leadership, Japan formed alliances with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, forming the Axis Powers. They teamed up and all of them killed millions of soldiers and it was a very bloody war. The surrender of Japan in August 1945 brought hostilities in World War II to a close. Allied civilians and servicemen alike celebrated V-J Day, the end of the war. However, some isolated commands and personnel from Japan's far-flung forces throughout Asia and the Pacific islands refused to surrender for months and years after, into the 1970s. Since Japan's surrender, historians have debated the ethics of using the atomic bombs.

1936 olympics

The 1936 Berlin Olympic Games had been handed to Berlin before the Nazis came to power but now it was the perfect opportunity for Hitler to demonstrate to the world, how efficient the Nazi Germany was. It was also the perfect opportunity for the Nazis to prove to the world the reality of the Master Race. The Berlin Olympic Games gave the Nazis an opportunity to show off to the world as 49 countries were competing bringing with them their assorted media. The Nazi Germany team had been allowed to train fulltime thus pushing to the limit the idea of amateur competition. Germany's athletic superstar of the time was Lutz Lang, a brilliant long jumper who easily fitted into the image. By far the most famous athlete in the world was Jesse Owens of America, an African American and therefore, under Nazi ideology, inferior to the athletes in the German team. The vast Olympic stadium was completed on time and held 100,000 spectators. 150 other new Olympic buildings were completed on time for the event. The anti-Semitic posters that had littered Germany before the games had disappeared. Signs that stated "Jews not welcome here" were not longer visible and anything was done to ensure that the Games went smoothly and caused no upset. In fact, the upset was caused in the stadium itself. The 'racially inferior' Owens won four gold medals; in the 100m, 200m, long jump and 4 x 100m relay. During the Games he broke 11 Olympic records and defeated Lutz Lang in a very close long jump final. Lang was the first to congratulate Owens when the long jump final was over. There were 10 African American members of the American athletics team. Between them they won 7 gold medals, 3 silvers and 3 bronze, more than any national team won in track and field at the Games, except America itself. Hitler refused to place the gold medal around Owen's neck.

The real question was why were the olypmics more about the politics than the joining of the wrold to play these great games. The 1936 Summer Olympics were controversial due to the Nazi regime that came to power after the city's selection. Adolf Hitler regarded it as his Olympics and he took them as a chance to show off the post-First World War Germany. In 1936, a number of prominent politicians and organizations called for a boycott of the 1936 Summer Olympics, which had been awarded to Germany before the Nazi regime came to power. The Popular Front government of Spain decided to boycott the games and organized the People's Olympiad as an altermative with labour and socialist groups around the world sending athletes to the effort. However the Spanish Civil War broke out just as the games were about to begin. The United States considered boycotting the games, but ultimately decided to participate. Nazi propaganda promoted concepts of "Aryan racial superiority," however African-American athlete Jesse Owens did not face segregation and discrimination in Germany that were normal in the United States at the time. So the big emphisis was on germany and the nazis more than the great games. The olypmics are for the world to come together as one and show off what they have to offer.